浙江社会科学

在快速推进城市化战略的背景下,浙江省Y市Z街道"村改居"实践试图通过政经分离、同城同权和农民市民化等政策落实,实现基层管理体制转换、公共服务模式变革和人的城镇化的政策理想。然而,由于"村改居"政策的"变通式落实",实践中呈现出社区体制转变不力、城乡公共服务分配不均、农民市民化角色认同混乱等现实困境。这一"制度变迁悖论"可以置于"国家与社会互构"的理论框架中加以分析,并形成相互依存的两种阐释机制:从国家的分级治理机制来看,国家权威及其强制性、地方政府对制度成本的考量、制度变迁的路径依赖以及基层组织的"悬浮式治理"是"村改居"政策"变通式落实"的重要力量;从社会约束机制来看,居民的自组织化程度不高、表达渠道不畅以及"文化堕距"导致农民市民化角色转换滞后等则是社区居民在利益受损情况下"集体不作为"的主要因素。

Under the background of quickening urbanization, neighborhood Z in Y city, Zhejiang Province attempts to practice implementing the separation of politics and economy, the same rights in the same city, and transformation of farmers into townspeople, realizing the transfer of basic level management system, the reform of public service model and urbanization policy. However, because of the adaptive implementation of rural to urban resident status transfer, there exist ineffective neighborhood system transfer, uneven urban and rural public service distribution, and confused farmers' urbanized identity. This ‘Paradox of institutional change' can be analyzed from the theoretical framework of ‘mutual construction between country and society' and two interdependent interpretation systems are formed: From the perspective of country's hierarchical governance mechanism, the country's authority and mandatory, local governments' system cost consideration, path dependence of institutional change and the ‘suspension governance' of the basic level organization are the powerful strength in adaptively implementing the policy of rural to urban resident status transfer; From the perspective of social restraint mechanism, the lower self- organization of residents, poor voice channel, cultural lag resulting in lagging transformation of farmers into townspeople are the major factors affecting ‘collective inaction' when the neighborhood residents' benefits are damaged.