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党的十九大报告将建设生态文明提升为"千年大计",明确提出要推进绿色发展,建立清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系。综合考虑中国农村遭受严重环境污染和低碳清洁能源应用相对滞后的现实,识别农村能源系统绿色转型的影响机制并提出行之有效的政策建议对中国社会经济可持续发展十分重要。本文基于第三次中国家庭能源消费调查入户数据,使用倍差法和Probit模型从微观层面探究中国农村家庭低碳产品消费行为的决策过程和影响因素,并着重考察国家对低碳清洁新能源产品的财政补贴政策以及同群效应对农村能源系统绿色转型的影响机制,在此基础上识别出科学、有效的政策措施,推动农村能源系统转型,实现美丽中国目标。
Abstract：Based on the third China Residential Energy Consumption Survey(CRECS) data, this study examines the influencing factors of solar water heater popularization in rural areas of China from the micro level using Difference-in-Difference and Probit modelling approach. The results show that:(1)The peer effect is an important determinant for the purchase of solar water heaters by rural residents, when the personal awareness and socio-demographical variables are controlled;(2)Subsidies for solar water heaters nested in the"home appliances going to the countryside" policy significantly promoted the application of solar water heaters in rural areas;(3)In terms of household characteristics, income level, education level, energy saving awareness and family size are positively correlated with the purchase probability of solar water heaters.Based on the above findings, the government should implement a clear consumption subsidy policy of solar water heater, combining the policies of environmental protection and energy-saving information propaganda,which fosters the formation of rural residents' low-carbon consumer behavior, and continues to affect their energy consumption.
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(1)有关问卷设计和调查过程的详细内容,请参阅Yu和Guo(2016)
(2)“映射”问题是同群效应识别中的一个技术困难(Manski,1993),指的是两种社会互动效应就像人和镜子映射的影子一样同时出现和变化,观察者无法区分谁是原因,谁是结果,谁是主因,谁是次因。Brock and Durlauf(2001)证明“映射”问题在非线性模型中可以避免,因为在Probit和Logit之类的离散模型中,个人特征非线性地影响被解释变量。
(3)根据商务部“家电下乡”招标内容,对实施地区农民购买的中标太阳能热水器产品,由国家财政以直补形式按产品销售价格的13%给予补贴。
基本信息:
DOI：10.14167/j.zjss.2018.01.007
中图分类号:F426.2
引用信息:
[1]邓慧慧,虞义华.中国农村能源系统绿色转型研究——基于中国农村家庭能源调查数据[J].浙江社会科学,2018,No.257(01):57-65+101.DOI:10.14167/j.zjss.2018.01.007.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目“中国家庭能源消费研究”(编号:71774165);; 对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(编号:CXTD7-05)的阶段性研究成果
2018-01-15
2018-01-15