浙江社会科学

哲学家需要对自己的哲学理论给与证明，而证明是一件比提出理论更困难的事情。罗尔斯的正义理论对当代政治哲学产生了巨大影响，不仅在于他提出了著名的两个正义原则，而且还在于他对正义原则提供了有力证明。罗尔斯为其两个正义原则提供了两种性质完全不同的证明：在《正义论》中，他主要使用“原初状态”的观念来进行论证，这种证明强调两个正义原则的理想性，并且带有契约主义的性质；在《政治自由主义》中，他更依赖“重叠共识”的观念来提供论证，这种证明重视正义社会的稳定性和可行性，从而带有某种历史主义的性质。罗尔斯的证明不仅对其正义原则给与了有力支持，而且也对当代政治哲学的证明产生了重大影响。

Philosophers need to justify their philosophical theory,but this justification is more difficult thing than advancing the theory. John Rawls makes a tremendous influence to contemporary political philosophy,because not only he proposes his two principles of justice,but also give the principles a forceful justification. John Rawls provides two different kinds of justifications for his two principles of justice:In A Theory of Justice,he uses the concept of“original position”to justify the principles of justice,which justification expresses the idealness of the principles and has a contractual nature;In Political Liberalism,he uses the concept of“overlapping consensus”to provide the justification,which focuses the stability and the feasibility of just society,and has some historical nature. John Rawls' justifications not only provides a forceful support for his two principles of justice,but also makes a huge influence to the justification of political philosophy.