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本文旨在探究服务业价格上涨对产业结构转型的影响。首先,本文构建了一个具有产业结构转型特征的两部门增长模型,从理论上分析了价格效应对产业结构转型和经济增长的作用机制。基于一般均衡的动态分析方法,本文进一步讨论了部门技术进步率差异通过价格效应对产业结构转型和经济增长的影响,并推导出了价格效应对产业结构转型和实际总产出增长率的影响公式。接着,本文利用中国城市面板数据,采用理论模型推导出来的公式进行实证研究。实证结果表明,服务业价格上涨对中国城市服务业兴起起到了显著的促进作用,且服务业发展程度本身会进一步加强这一价格效应。另外,服务业发展会调节服务业价格上涨对经济增长的影响。
Abstract:This paper aims to explore the impact of service price increases on industrial structural transformation. Firstly, we construct a two-sector growth model with characteristics of industrial structural transformation and analyze the role of price effects in industrial structural transformation and economic growth. Based on the dynamic analysis method of general equilibrium, we further discuss the impact of sectoral technological progress rate differences on industrial structural transformation and economic growth through price effects, and derive the formula for the impact of price effects on industrial structural transformation and actual total output growth rate. Then, we use panel data from Chinese cities and empirical research based on the theoretical model to test our hypotheses. The empirical results show that service price increases have significantly promoted the rise of the service industry in Chinese cities, and the development level of the service industry itself will further strengthen this price effect. In addition, the development of the service industry will regulate the impact of the rise in service prices on economic growth.
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(1)全文如无特殊说明,工业指的是第二产业,服务业指的是第三产业,农业指的是第一产业。工业GDP占比指的是工业的名义产出占当年名义GDP的比重,农业GDP占比和服务业GDP占比同理。同时,产值结构指的也是不同产业在名义GDP中的份额。
(2)虽然产业结构转型的影响机制较多,但是服务业价格上涨的价格效应在各种机制中的作用较大,而且服务业价格上涨会直接影响经济高质量发展(Dennis&Iscan,2009;Iscan,2010;Boppart,2014;,2017;程大中,2004;郭凯明等,2020;郭凯明等,2017;林晨和徐向宇,2023)。
(3)服务业价格和工业价格分别指服务业价格指数和工业价格指数。本文首先以1980年价格为基期计算出各产业实际增加值,再利用以当年价格衡量的产业名义增加值除以实际增加值即可得到以1980年为基期的产业价格指数。
(4)现有数据仅提供了城市层面固定资产投资的数据,虽然可以利用永续盘存法计算得到城市层面的资本存量,但是难以准确估计出城市层面三次产业的资本存量。
(5)关于产业结构转型的其他驱动机制,Herrendorf et al.(2014)、王弟海等(2021)、张建华和盛长文(2020)等文献给出了较为完整的总结。
(6)ε<1是产业结构转型中价格效应存在的必要条件(Baumol,1967)。
(7)字母上面带一点表示该变量对时间的求导。
(8)本文假设资本的折旧率等于0。
(9)表4中R2较小的原因在于工具变量回归与OLS回归对于R2的计算公式不同。
基本信息:
DOI:10.14167/j.zjss.2023.11.016
中图分类号:F719;F121.3
引用信息:
[1]吴茂华,李夏伟.服务业价格上涨与产业结构转型:理论分析与经验证据[J].浙江社会科学,2023,No.327(11):4-16+155.DOI:10.14167/j.zjss.2023.11.016.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“经济结构如何影响经济增长:理论机制和经验事实”(72073031)
2023-11-15
2023-11-15