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理论论与模拟论之争是他心问题在当代心灵哲学与认知科学领域内的重要延伸。然而，模拟论中心理模拟的概念刻画缺少系统的共识。当前对心理模拟中相似性概念的探讨主要集中在三个方面：（1）“对……心理模拟”和“模拟的心理状态”之区分；（2）心理模拟是一种实在模拟而非抽象模拟：（3）心理模拟的发生必须符合离线加工与表征替代的要求。镜像神经元的发现，为心理模拟中的相似性概念提供了可能的神经表征，镜像神经元的活动规律部分满足了通过心理模拟实现读心的规范性约束，也进一步引发了对相似性概念的再反思。未来的研究触角将拓展至高阶心理模拟及其神经表征上，从而有望为相似性在心理模拟中的地位提供更丰富的启示。
Abstract：The theory theory versus simulation theory debate is an important extension of the other minds problem within the contemporary fields of philosophy of mind and cognitive science. However, there is a lack of systematic consensus regarding the conceptual portrayal of mental simulation in simulation theory.The current discussion on the concept of similarity in mental simulation focuses on three aspects:(1)a distinction between “mental simulation of......”and “simulated mental states”;(2)mental simulation is a concrete similarity rather than abstract similarity;(3)the occurrence of a mental simulation must meet the requirements of offline operation and representational surrogates. The discovery from mirror neurons provides a possible neural basis for the concept of similarity in mental simulation, and the activity pattern of mirror neurons partially satisfies the normative constraints of mind reading through mental simulation, and further triggers a rethinking of the concept of similarity. Future research tentacles will expand to higher-order mental simulations and their neural representation, thus promising to provide richer insights into the status of similarity in mental simulation.
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(57)个体内跨时性模拟主要指个体投射自我到过去和未来。对过去的投射通常被称为情境记忆,而对未来的投射有时被称为前瞻记忆(prospective memory)。一般的观点是,人类能够在心理上进行时间旅行,或在心理上将自己传送到个人的过去或未来。作为高阶心理模拟的重要表现形式,个体内跨时性模拟是形成主体间共情的重要机制。
基本信息:
DOI：10.14167/j.zjss.2022.04.018
中图分类号:B842
引用信息:
[1]陈巍.心理模拟：相似性的概念刻画与神经表征[J].浙江社会科学,2022,No.308(04):103-111+159-160.DOI:10.14167/j.zjss.2022.04.018.
基金信息:
浙江省哲学社会科学新兴交叉学科重大扶持项目“他心直接感知的神经哲学基础与实验研究”（项目编号：21XXJC05ZD）; 国家社科基金重大项目“审美主客体相互作用的中介范式及心脑机制研究”（项目编号：19ZDA043）
2022-04-12
2022-04-12